Hidden Literacies

Phillis Wheatley's Hidden Literacy

But this letter—from Susanna Wheatley to Mohegan minister Samson Occom—suggests that Phillis Wheatley did not always write alone.  Indeed, hidden within this letter is a writing skill Wheatley likely performed in being a scribe, serving as an amanuensis for Susanna, who, though literate, was too ill to inscribe her letter to Occom herself and dictated to Wheatley instead.8  Certainly, this specific co-labor is not the same kind of collaboration that has worried Wheatley readers and scholars for almost 250 years. Instead, this literacy has remained hidden, in plain sight, almost never commented upon by scholars. But considering this hidden literacy—the labor that Phillis probably contributed as an amanuensis to the production of this letter from Susanna—might help us reconceive the suspected collaboration between Susanna and Phillis that some readers conjectured went into the publication of Poems on Various Subjects. In addition, attending to this hidden literacy has the potential not only to give us another way to understand Phillis Wheatley but also to change the way we think about early African American literature.

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